Nist webook steam tables8/3/2023 ![]() ![]() 3,4 NBS/NIST staff have led international efforts for a century. ![]() NBS/NIST has been a leader over the years in providing guidelines for reporting experimental procedures and numerical data, including uncertainties. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability and manufacturing processes, and public safety.” 2 In 1988, the Technology Competitiveness Act under the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act renamed the NBS as the NIST, charging it to “enhance the competitiveness of American industry while maintaining its function as the lead national laboratory for providing the measurements, calibrations, and quality assurance techniques which underpin U.S. Assessing the quality of data and measurements in science and engineering has been a key focus for NBS/NIST because other government agencies, academic, and industrial users rely on the quality of the data disseminated by NIST, with an assurance that they had the best available information. The 1901 legislation establishing NBS included as one of its functions, “the determining of physical constants, and the properties of materials when such data are of great importance to scientific or manufacturing interests and are not to be obtained of sufficient accuracy elsewhere.” 1 Scientific and technical data are crucial for the solution of key societal problems, such as energy supply, environmental quality, and industrial productivity, and for the promotion of technological innovation. The National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has had a mission since its beginning to generate scientific data, to evaluate and assess the quality of data from other laboratories, and ultimately to disseminate these data. The data programs at NBS/NIST provide critically evaluated data in areas such as the thermodynamic properties of gas- and condensed-phase compounds, their multicomponent mixtures as well as chemical reactions, ceramic-phase equilibria, crystallographic data, refrigerants, water/ice/steam, gas-phase ionic species, atomic energy levels and molecular spectra, molecular mass spectra and peptide mass spectra, chemical kinetics, the CODATA fundamental constants of nature, and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry International Chemical Identifier (InChI). NSRDS and JPCRD publications have provided widely employed print databases in many areas of science these databases were expanded to computer databases in the 1980s and then to web-based databases in the 1990s. The Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD), started in 1972, has now published 50 volumes. The National Standard Reference Data System (NSRDS) at NBS was established in 1963, followed by the SRD Act of 1968 to establish data evaluation centers and coordinated comprehensive programs to ensure that reliable reference data are easily accessible by scientists, engineers, and the general public. Measurement and dissemination of scientific data to support competitiveness in American industry has been the core of its mission from the beginning. The NBS was founded in 1901 through an act of Congress and in 1988 renamed as the NIST. These programs provide critically evaluated data used throughout the world. A detailed overview is provided of the vast number of innovative data programs over 120 years at the National Bureau of Standards (NBS)/National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). ![]()
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